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Sprint projectJun 22, 2026Bogotá

¿Por qué los agentes obedecen La dirección de rechazo se debilita en formato agéntico

Helen Stefany Penagos, Juan esteban Leiva · Team RefusalLab

Submitted to Global South AI Safety Hackathon. Sprint projects are early-stage work by participants, not Apart Research publications.

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Report: ¿Por qué los agentes obedecen La dirección de rechazo se debilita en formato agéntico

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Investigamos por qué los LLMs cumplen peticiones dañinas cuando operan como agentes con herramientas, algo que rechazan en formato chat. Usando interpretabilidad mecánica, medimos cómo la refusal direction (el mecanismo interno de rechazo) se comporta en formato agéntico. Encontramos que esta dirección se debilita significativamente cuando el modelo tiene herramientas disponibles, pero la información de dañosidad no desaparece sino que se recodifica en una dirección diferente del espacio de activaciones. Proponemos un safety monitor basado en esta nueva dirección como alternativa a los filtros por herramienta.

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How much would this matter for AI safety if it worked? How innovative is it? For scores of 4-5: is this actually new to the field, or replicating recent work?

Scoring guide
  1. 1Negligible. No clear problem addressed, or no meaningful novelty.
  2. 2Limited. Addresses a real problem but with a generic or well-trodden approach. Incremental at best.
  3. 3Moderate. Clear problem with a reasonable approach; some novelty in framing or method beyond routine application of existing tools.
  4. 4Significant. Important problem with an original approach, or identifies a neglected problem area. A valuable contribution others could build on.
  5. 5Exceptional. Tackles a critical AI safety problem with a genuinely novel approach, or opens a new research direction. Clear theory of change. You'd be excited to share this with researchers in the area.

How sound are methodology, implementation, and findings?

Scoring guide
  1. 1Seriously flawed. Methodology broken, results uninterpretable, or implementation doesn't work.
  2. 2Weak. Approach has significant gaps: missing validation, flawed experimental design, or incomplete implementation.
  3. 3Competent. Technically solid given the short duration. Methodology makes sense, results are interpretable, limitations acknowledged, work builds toward clear conclusions.
  4. 4Strong. Thorough methodology with convincing validation. Results clearly support conclusions. Immediately useful for future work.
  5. 5Exceptional. Ambitious scope executed rigorously. Surprising findings, novel methods, or unusually robust validation.

How clearly are work, findings, and impact potential communicated?

Scoring guide
  1. 1Incomprehensible. Cannot determine what the project is actually claiming or doing.
  2. 2Hard to follow. Key information buried, missing, or diluted by excessive length. Significant effort to extract main points.
  3. 3Clear enough. Can understand the problem, approach, and results without undue effort. Core content clearly present: problem, method, findings, limitations.
  4. 4Well presented. Easy to follow, well-structured, appropriate level of detail. Target audience would get it quickly.
  5. 5Exceptionally clear. A pleasure to read. Complex ideas made accessible. Could serve as a model for how to present this type of work.

  1. This is a real mechanistic take on an important agent-safety failure mode.

    The paired design is the strongest part: same prompt text, only chat vs tools/system context changes.

    My biggest feedback would be validation: larger dataset, held-out probes, cross-validation, etc.

    Also update the model framing, Llama 3.1 70B and Mistral 7B are useful open-weight substrates, but not current frontier models. There are better and newer models to do this.

  2. Given that agentic harnesses have been seen to greatly improve performance, I think it is quite important to study how these harnesses impact safety considerations. It is interesting to study the claimed phenomenom of agents being less likely to refuse certain requests than base models. Presentation is also a lot easier to follow than many other projects in this event.

    I can't confirm directly that claims like "Demostramos que la refusal direction, el mecanismo interno que media el rechazo de peticiones dañinas en LLMs, se debilita significativamente cuando el modelo opera en formato agéntico" were properly argued for given my time constraints. But it seems reasonable under a first look.

  3. The study is dealing with a gap left by existing literature by testing whether the degradation of safety is about a failure of the agentic system to notice harm or that the harm just isn't being read because of its configuration to a chat trained system. It demonstrates the latter to establish that the new refusal direction is weaker and examines this in agentic systems. It would be very useful to have more work build upon this to test other models and correct for the possibility of overfitting through cross-validation. The method the study employs can also be replicated to see if it sufficiently addresses the difference in wording for agentic v chat prompts.

Cite this project

@misc{penagos2026por,
  title = {{¿Por qué los agentes obedecen La dirección de rechazo se debilita en formato agéntico}},
  author = {Helen Stefany Penagos and Juan esteban Leiva},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  note = {Submitted to Global South AI Safety Hackathon, an Apart Research Sprint},
  howpublished = {\url{https://apartresearch.com/sprints/projects/por-qu-los-agentes-obedecen-la-direccin-de-rechazo-se-debilita-en-formato-agntico-ux70}},
  url = {https://apartresearch.com/sprints/projects/por-qu-los-agentes-obedecen-la-direccin-de-rechazo-se-debilita-en-formato-agntico-ux70}
}

Build something like this at the next Sprint

AI Collusion Research Sprint · Oct 23 - 25, 2026